葛兰心宁软胶囊联合替格瑞洛片对冠心病心绞痛患者心功能和血管内皮功能的影响

摘要 目的：观察葛兰心宁软胶囊联合替格瑞洛片治疗冠心病心绞痛的疗效及对心功能和血管内皮功能的影响。方法：选择我院心内科收治的150例冠心病心绞痛患者,按门诊号单双数分为对照组和研究组,各为75例。对照组给予替格瑞洛片治疗,研究组给予葛兰心宁软胶囊联合替格瑞洛片治疗,对比两组疗效、血管内皮功能、心功能、心绞痛发作次数和持续时间以及不良反应发生率。结果：治疗1个月后,研究组的临床总有效率85.33%（64/75）高于对照组的69.33%（52/75）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗1个月后,研究组左心室射血分数（LVEF）、心输出量（CO）、每搏输出量（SV）高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗1个月后,与对照组比较,研究组的心绞痛发作次数更少,持续时间更短（P<0.05）。治疗1个月后,研究组一氧化氮（NO）、血流介导的舒张功能（FMD）高于对照组,内皮素-1（ET-1）、胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、血管紧张素Ⅱ（Ang Ⅱ）低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率组间对比无明显差异（P>0.05）。结论：冠心病心绞痛患者经葛兰心宁软胶囊联合替格瑞洛片治疗后,疗效明确,可缓解患者临床症状,促进心功能和血管内皮功能恢复。     

心脉通胶囊联合非诺贝特对饮食控制疗法效果不佳的高脂血症患者血脂、血液流变学和血管内皮功能的影响

摘要 目的：观察心脉通胶囊联合非诺贝特对饮食控制疗法效果不佳的高脂血症患者血脂、血液流变学和血管内皮功能的影响。方法：所选病例为我院2019年5月~2021年9月期间接诊的68例饮食控制疗法效果不佳的高脂血症患者。采用随机数字表法进行分组,68例患者共分为对照组和联合组,例数各为34例。对照组患者接受非诺贝特治疗,联合组患者接受心脉通胶囊联合非诺贝特治疗,对比两组临床总有效率、血脂、血液流变学和血管内皮功能,记录两组治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果：联合组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗2个月后,联合组的血清全血还原黏度、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、血管内皮素-1（ET-1）、血浆比黏度、甘油三酯（TG）、全血比黏度、总胆固醇（TC）、纤维蛋白原水平、血细胞比容水平低于对照组,降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、一氧化氮（NO）水平高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：心脉通胶囊联合非诺贝特治疗饮食控制疗法效果不佳的高脂血症患者,可有效控制血脂,调节血液流变学和血管内皮功能,应用价值较好。     

Intermediate fenestrations reduce flow reversal in a silicone model of Stanford Type B aortic dissection

Pulsatile, three-dimensional hemodynamic forces influence thrombosis, and may dictate progression of aortic dissection. Intimal flap fenestration and blood pressure are clinically relevant variables in this pathology, yet their effects on dissection hemodynamics are poorly understood. The goal of this study was to characterize these effects on flow in dissection models to better guide interventions to prevent aneurysm formation and false lumen flow. Silicone models of aortic dissection with mobile intimal flap were fabricated based on patient images and installed in a flow loop with pulsatile flow. Flow fields were acquired via 4-dimensional flow MRI, allowing for quantification and visualization of relevant fluid mechanics. Pulsatile vortices and jet-like structures were observed at fenestrations immediately past the proximal entry tear. False lumen flow reversal was significantly reduced with the addition of fenestrations, from 19.2 ± 3.3% in two-tear dissections to 4.67 ± 1.5% and 4.87 ± 1.7% with each subsequent fenestration. In contrast, increasing pressure did not cause appreciable differences in flow rates, flow reversal, and vortex formation. Increasing the number of intermediate tears decreased flow reversal as compared to two-tear dissection, which may prevent false lumen thrombosis, promoting persistent false lumen flow. Vortices were noted to result from transluminal fluid motion at distal tear sites, which may lead to degeneration of the opposing wall. Increasing pressure did not affect measured flow patterns, but may contribute to stress concentrations in the aortic wall. The functional and anatomic assessment of disease with 4D MRI may aid in stratifying patient risk in this population.     

Gait stride-to-stride variability and foot clearance pattern analysis in Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease and Vascular Parkinsonism

The literature on gait analysis in Vascular Parkinsonism (VaP), addressing issues such as variability, foot clearance patterns, and the effect of levodopa, is scarce. This study investigates whether spatiotemporal, foot clearance and stride-to-stride variability analysis can discriminate VaP, and responsiveness to levodopa.Fifteen healthy subjects, 15 Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD) patients and 15 VaP patients, were assessed in two phases: before (Off-state), and one hour after (On-state) the acute administration of a suprathreshold (1.5 times the usual) levodopa dose. Participants were asked to walk a 30-meter continuous course at a self-selected walking speed while wearing foot-worn inertial sensors. For each gait variable, mean, coefficient of variation (CV), and standard deviations SD1 and SD2 obtained by Poincaré analysis were calculated. General linear models (GLMs) were used to identify group differences. Patients were subject to neuropsychological evaluation (MoCA test) and Brain MRI.VaP patients presented lower mean stride velocity, stride length, lift-off and strike angle, and height of maximum toe (later swing) (p < .05), and higher %gait cycle in double support, with only the latter unresponsive to levodopa. VaP patients also presented higher CV, significantly reduced after levodopa. Yet, all VaP versus IPD differences lost significance when accounting for mean stride length as a covariate.In conclusion, VaP patients presented a unique gait with reduced degrees of foot clearance, probably correlated to vascular lesioning in dopaminergic/non-dopaminergic cortical and subcortical non-dopaminergic networks, still amenable to benefit from levodopa. The dependency of gait and foot clearance and variability deficits from stride length deserves future clarification.     

Foliar characteristics,cambial activity and wood formation in Azadirachta indica A. Juss. as affected by coal–smoke pollution

This study, aimed at elucidating changes in the foliar and cambial behavior in Azadirachta indica (Neem tree) due to coal-smoke pollution, has revealed inhibitory effects of pollution stress on leaf pigments concentrations, nitrate reductase activity and the contents of reducing sugars and total N content, whereas stimulatory effects were given on stomatal index and nitrate and sulphur contents. Under smoke effects, stomatal conductance was low, leading to a drop in the net photosynthetic rate and a rise in the internal CO₂ concentration of leaf. Cambial reactivation in the stem was delayed at the polluted site. Although the total span of the cambial activity was reduced, greater amount of wood was observed to accumulate in the stem axis under heavy pollution stress. Vessel proportion in the wood increased, whereas size of vessel elements and xylem fibers decreased. “Vulnerability factor” (ratio between mean vessel diameter and mean vessel abundance) and “mesomorphic ratio” (multiplication product of vulnerability factor and mean length of vessel element) of the stem–wood, both declined with increase in the pollution stress, thus indicating a tendency of the species for shifting towards xeromorphy when grown under stress. Given the opposite trends of photosynthetic rate and wood increment, the carbon-partitioning pattern rather than the photosynthetic rate seems to have influenced the accumulation of new wood. The Neem tree proves to be suitable for growing in the polluted areas.     

Immunolocalization of vascular endothelial growth factor in rat condylar cartilage during postnatal development

It is well known that angiogenesis is essential for the replacement of cartilage by bone during skeletal growth and regeneration. To address angiogenesis of endochondral ossification in the condyle, we examined the appearance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor Flt-1 in condylar cartilage of the growing rat. The early expression of VEGF at various sites during condylar cartilage development indicates that VEGF plays a role in the regulation of angiogenesis at each site of bone formation. From the findings of Flt-1 immunoreactivity, the VEGF produced by the chondrocytes of the hypertrophic zone should contribute to the promotion of endothelial cell proliferation and to stimulate migration and activation of osteoclasts in condylar cartilage, resulting in the invasion of these cells into the mineralized zone.Junko Aoyama and Eiji Tanaka contributed equally to this work     

Functional assessment of cryopreserved pig aortas for pharmaceutical research

Several in vitro studies have demonstrated diminished post-thaw functional activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the consequences of thawing and storage method used on the post-thaw functional activity of cryopreserved pig aortas with the aim of adjusting the freezing and thawing protocol so that the vascular segments are preserved in the best possible state, maintaining structure and functionality so that they can later be transplanted with success. In vitro responses of frozen, thawed pig aortas were used to investigate the functional activity after thawing at 15 degrees C and 100 degrees C/min and after storage in gas or liquid phase of liquid nitrogen. Cryopreservation was performed in RPMI 1640 medium + 10% dimethylsulfoxide and the rate of cooling was -1 degrees C/min, until -150 degrees C was reached.After thawing the maximal contractile responses to all the contracting agonists tested (KCl, noradrenaline) were in the ranges of 13-27% compared with the responses in unfrozen pig aortas. Contractile responses were slightly better when thawing was performed at 15 degrees C/min compared with 100 degrees C/min. The endothelium independent relaxant responses to sodium nitroprusside were reduced ( P < 0.05). Cryostorage of pig arteries also resulted in a loss of the endothelium-dependent relaxant response to acetylcholine. The cryopreservation method used provided a limited preservation of pig aorta contractibility, a reduction of the endothelium independent relaxant responses, and no apparent preservation of the endothelium-dependent relaxation. It is possible that further refinements of the cryopreservation protocol might allow better post-thaw functional recovery of pig aortas.     

用RFLP标记剖析水稻穗颈维管束及穗部性状的遗传基础

采用籼、粳亚种间杂种F1(圭630×02428)花药培养获得的DH群体,对水稻穗颈大、小维管束数和倒数第2节间大、小维管束数等4个维管束性状,以及一、二次枝梗数,每穗颖花数3个穗部性状进行QTL分析,共检测到16个QTLs,其中有7个QTLs的加性效应较大,单个QTL的贡献率在20%以上。发现有4个QTLs成簇分布于第1染色体从RZ776到C11的大约35cM的区段上,来源于亲本"圭630"的这一染色体区段对穗颈大维管束、第2节间大维管束、第2节间小维管束和二次枝梗数4个性状的表达均具有增效作用。还讨论了利用分子标记辅助选择聚合增效QTLs、实现穗颈维管束性状遗传改良的策略。     

Interleukin-6 increases vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenesis in gastric carcinoma

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a proinflammatory cytokine associated with the disease status of gastric carcinoma (GC). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent tumor angiogenic factor in GC. In this study, we attempted to clarify whether IL-6 can regulate VEGF and angiogenesis in GC. GC samples from 54 surgical specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical examination of IL-6, VEGF, and tumor microvessels, and results showed that IL-6 was positively correlated with VEGF expression and tumor vasculature. We determined VEGF expression in four GC cell lines by ELISA, revealing that GC cells can produce significant amount of VEGF with increasing dose and duration of IL-6 stimulation. Next, a luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to determine the signaling pathway driving the VEGF promoter by IL-6, which showed that the JAK/STAT pathway is involved in the stimulation of VEGF gene expression. The effects of IL-6 on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo were evaluated by HUVEC studies and the Matrigel plug assay, respectively. Results showed that IL-6 effectively promoted HUVEC proliferation and tube formation in vitro and Matrigel plug vascularization in vivo, primarily by inducing VEGF in GC. This study provides evidence that the multifunctional cytokine, IL-6, may induce VEGF expression which increases angiogenesis in gastric carcinogenesis.